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The Common Musk Turtle – My Choice for Perfect Pet Turtle, with Notes on Relatives

[…]reported to eat plants on occasion, the Common Musk feeds mainly upon crayfishes, fish, carrion, insects, leeches, tadpoles and snails. Hatchlings, vulnerable to predation due to their small size, are consumed by bullfrogs, fishes, giant water bugs, raccoons and other creatures. Captive Care As turtles go, Common Musks are quite […]
Read more » The Common Musk Turtle – My Choice for Perfect Pet Turtle, with Notes on Relatives

Frog Diets – Nutritious Foods for Popularly-Kept Frogs and Toads – Part 1

[…]out when you have a moment – you may discover a new hobby in the process! Commercially-Reared Insects You should allow insects purchased as frog food to feed upon a healthy diet for several days, in order to increase their nutritional value (this process is often termed “gut loading”).  Please […]
Read more » Frog Diets – Nutritious Foods for Popularly-Kept Frogs and Toads – Part 1

The Eastern Newt – the Many Subspecies and Hybrids of a Poplar Pet – Part 1

[…]an excellent choice as a staple; blackworms, guppy fry, chopped earthworms, brine shrimp and small insects are appreciated. Most Eastern Newt populations pass through a 1 to 3 year-long terrestrial stage, during which time they are known as Efts.  The orange or red Efts (please see photo) consume tiny crickets, […]
Read more » The Eastern Newt – the Many Subspecies and Hybrids of a Poplar Pet – Part 1

The Natural History and Captive Care of the Softshell Turtles – Part 1

[…]any creature they can overpower, and their strike rivals that of any snake in speed; fishes, insects, snails, crayfishes, frogs, tadpoles, salamanders and carrion are all on the menu.  The flattened mouth ridges seen in some species may be an adaptation to crushing mussels and other mollusks. While field research […]
Read more » The Natural History and Captive Care of the Softshell Turtles – Part 1

Snake Surprise – “Virgin” Female Boa Constrictor Gives Birth

[…]reproduction or parthenogenesis – producing young without mating – is well known among insects and certain fishes (including Hammerhead Sharks), some of which can even switch sexes several times.  It has also been recorded in a small number of reptiles, such as the Brahminy Blind Snake, American Whiptail Lizards and […]
Read more » Snake Surprise – “Virgin” Female Boa Constrictor Gives Birth

New Dinosaur Resembled a Horned Lizard – On an Immense Scale

[…]of North America for millions of years.  The enforced isolation gave rise to innumerable bizarre insects, fishes, amphibians, dinosaurs and other creatures, many of which, it appears, have yet to be discovered. Two New Triceratops Relatives The strangest Laramidia resident to come to light so far is the recently described […]
Read more » New Dinosaur Resembled a Horned Lizard – On an Immense Scale

Beyond Webs – Swimming, Spitting and Other Spider Hunting Methods – Part 2

[…]above-ground while hanging in a head-down position from a tree.  The net is tossed onto passing insects and even, on occasion, small frogs. And then we have the incredible Spitting Spiders (Scytodes spp).  These aptly-named beasts squirt double streams of silk at insects, pinning them down and then delivering the […]
Read more » Beyond Webs – Swimming, Spitting and Other Spider Hunting Methods – Part 2

Preparing Your Amphibian and Reptile Collection for Autumn and Winter

[…]a more varied winter diet for your collection.  If you happen upon a particularly rich source of insects, you might even experiment with freezing some for winter use…please write in and let me know if you do. Further Reading Hibernation/Brumation in Bearded Dragons and Other Herps. Raising Sow Bugs and […]
Read more » Preparing Your Amphibian and Reptile Collection for Autumn and Winter

Beyond Webs – Swimming, Spitting and Other Spider Hunting Methods – Part 1

[…]carried among its body hairs.  The spider lives within this bell and swims out to catch passing insects, fishes and tadpoles. Fishing Spiders (Dolomedes spp.) float on the water or remain on emergent plants with the forelegs touching the surface.  Recently, it has been discovered that some species actually lure […]
Read more » Beyond Webs – Swimming, Spitting and Other Spider Hunting Methods – Part 1

Kihansi Spray Toads, Extinct in the Wild, Return to Africa

[…]too large for many newborns! We relied primarily upon nutrient-loaded pinheads, springtails (tiny insects) and fruit flies, but I was concerned that such did not comprise a balanced diet.  I collected tiny leaf-litter invertebrates (newly hatched millipedes, nematodes, ants, etc.) and fed these to the toads whenever possible.  Please see […]
Read more » Kihansi Spray Toads, Extinct in the Wild, Return to Africa

Earthworm Flakes – a New Food for Tadpoles, Newts and other Aquatic Pets

[…]Tadpoles, Newts, smaller African Clawed Frogs, Crayfishes, Freshwater Shrimp, Snails and aquatic insects such as Diving Beetles would all benefit from a dose of earthworm nutrients in their diet. Earthworm Flake Food might also be tried with those animals that, while preferring live invertebrates, can sometimes be induced to accept […]
Read more » Earthworm Flakes – a New Food for Tadpoles, Newts and other Aquatic Pets

Frog Diets – Nutritious Foods for Popularly-Kept Frogs and Toads

[…]or collecting them, and usually try to keep a colony going in my basement as well. Traps and Canned Insects The Zoo Med Bug Napper simplifies the collecting of moths and other flying insects; please see the articles mentioned in Part I for information on other collecting techniques. Canned Insects […]
Read more » Frog Diets – Nutritious Foods for Popularly-Kept Frogs and Toads

Insects, Spiders, Other Invertebrates Have Distinct Personalities – New Research

[…]in each situation, to assure that the behavior it exhibited was typical. Shy, Bold and Aggressive Insects Individual insects varied from one another in their reactions, and the traits they exhibited were consistent over a wide range of situations.  For example, if a certain individual explored new objects immediately and […]
Read more » Insects, Spiders, Other Invertebrates Have Distinct Personalities – New Research

A Turtle Basking Platform that Doubles as a Frog-Feeding Device

I apologize for the awkward title, but try as I might this was the best I could do!  Today I’d like to propose a new use for the Penn Plax Turtle Pier, a wonderful product that was originally designed as a resting/basking area for turtles, newts and frogs. Problematical Habitats […]
Read more » A Turtle Basking Platform that Doubles as a Frog-Feeding Device

Frog Recently Discovered on Borneo is Eastern Hemisphere’s Smallest

[…]– the water contained in the base of pitcher plants.  Pitcher “ponds”, which serve to drown insects that are digested by the plants, support miniature ecosystems inhabited by insect larvae, snails, crabs, algae and other organisms.  The newly described frogs deposit their eggs on the surface of the plant above […]
Read more » Frog Recently Discovered on Borneo is Eastern Hemisphere’s Smallest

The Natural History and Captive Care of the Asian Flying Frog (Golden Treefrog)

[…]there.  They often congregate near outdoor lights at night in search of moths, beetles and other insects. Reproduction This opportunistic breeder may reproduce year-round or in the wet season, depending upon locality. Males call from the edges of ephemeral ponds, ditches and similar habitats.  Females lay 100-400 eggs in foam […]
Read more » The Natural History and Captive Care of the Asian Flying Frog (Golden Treefrog)

Phorid or Scuttle Flies – A Common Pest in Herp and Invertebrate Collections – Part 2

[…]way to control Phorid Flies and other vermin is to quickly remove all fecal material, dead feeder insects, and meat-based food remains.  This is, of course, essential in maintaining the health of your collection as well. Humidity and Moisture Phorid Flies are rarely a problem around desert-dwelling pets, as they […]
Read more » Phorid or Scuttle Flies – A Common Pest in Herp and Invertebrate Collections – Part 2

The Natural History and Captive Care of the Mudpuppy – Part 2

[…]minnows, goldfishes and shiners. If available, hellgrammites, dragonfly larvae and other aquatic insects should be offered. The tadpoles of most native frogs are taken as well (please see photo), but I discourage using other amphibians as food for a variety of reasons (please write in if you need further info). […]
Read more » The Natural History and Captive Care of the Mudpuppy – Part 2

Phorid or Scuttle Flies – A Common Pest in Herp and Invertebrate Collections – Part 1

[…]cousins, however, Phorid Flies and their larvae (or maggots) are scavengers, feeding upon dead insects, feces, eggs and necrotic flesh associated with wounds. Potential Problems While Phorid Flies have not been known to injure healthy herps or invertebrates, in addition to being a plain nuisance they can colonize wounds, where […]
Read more » Phorid or Scuttle Flies – A Common Pest in Herp and Invertebrate Collections – Part 1

The Painted Turtle – Notes on Captive Care and Natural History

[…]in peak condition with a diet comprised of Reptomin, Freeze Dried Shrimp, minnows, earthworms, insects and dandelion and other greens (please see the article below for notes on feeding vegetables).  Most other aquatic turtle foods can also be offered from time to time. Basic Necessities Other necessary husbandry tool are readily available […]
Read more » The Painted Turtle – Notes on Captive Care and Natural History

The Dwarf Chameleons – Notes on Captive Care and Natural History

[…]of invertebrates. The ZooMed Bug Napper Insect Trap is an invaluable aid in collecting flying insects such as moths, beetles and flies – the Chameleons reactions to these will leave no doubt as to their value in improving your pets’ quality of life. Caterpillars, Snowy Tree crickets, Orange-spotted Roaches, Field […]
Read more » The Dwarf Chameleons – Notes on Captive Care and Natural History

Introducing the Nosy Be Gecko (or Spearpoint Leaf-Tailed Gecko) – Part 2

[…]with the tails of some species sporting holes and irregularities that seem to have been chewed by insects.  They also adopt poses and movements that heighten their camouflaging coloration and body form – the Nosy Be Gecko, for example, can hang head down from a branch in near-perfect mimicry of […]
Read more » Introducing the Nosy Be Gecko (or Spearpoint Leaf-Tailed Gecko) – Part 2

Live Bloodworms – An Important Food for Small Amphibians and Their Larvae

[…]the body.  Hemoglobin imparts both color and common name to these small (to 1 inch in length) insects. Life Cycle In the wild, Bloodworms feed ravenously on organic detritus for 10-12 days, after which they pupate and then leave the water as winged adults.  The adults, known as Midges, tend […]
Read more » Live Bloodworms – An Important Food for Small Amphibians and Their Larvae

The Natural History and Captive Care of the Smokey Jungle Frog – Part 2

[…]had good success with a diet comprised largely of earthworms, roaches, crickets and wild-caught insects (please see my article on Collecting Feeder Insects).  I use shiners and crayfishes as a calcium source, but a pink mouse may be offered every 6-8 weeks if desired. Smokey Jungle Frogs are hunted by […]
Read more » The Natural History and Captive Care of the Smokey Jungle Frog – Part 2

The Red-Eyed Treefrog – Notes on Captive Care and Natural History

[…]of life”!) value.  The ZooMed Bug Napper Insect Trap is an invaluable aid in collecting flying insects. Other insects that Red-Eyes under my care have accepted include “non-hairy” caterpillars, snowy tree crickets, tiny orange-spotted roaches, potato and other small beetles, field crickets and termites.  Houseflies are, in my opinion, nearly […]
Read more » The Red-Eyed Treefrog – Notes on Captive Care and Natural History

Something New for Insect-Keepers – The Aquatic Sunburst and Green Diving Beetles – Part 2

[…]and Green Diving Beetles will get along with others of their kind and with robust aquatic insects such as Whirligig Beetles and Backswimmers.  They will be attacked and consumed by Giant Water Bugs and their relatives. Except for the largest species, most Diving Beetles do not molest fishes.  However, even […]
Read more » Something New for Insect-Keepers – The Aquatic Sunburst and Green Diving Beetles – Part 2

Breeding the Green Basilisk and Related Species – Part 2

[…]and small minnows are an ideal calcium source, and dietary variety, including wild-caught insects, is essential.  Basilisks are one of the few lizards that accept earthworms, and these are an ideal food source for both young and adult individuals.  Soft-bodied roaches (i.e. Orange-Spotted Roaches) and silkworms are also favored. Young […]
Read more » Breeding the Green Basilisk and Related Species – Part 2

Something New for Insect-keepers – Sunburst and Green Diving Beetles – Part 1

[…]are ravenous predators and actively hunt aquatic worms, amphipods, small tadpoles and other insects; terrestrial insects that have fallen into the water and carrion are also taken. Reproduction Diving Beetle eggs are attached to aquatic plants.  The elongated, aquatic larvae are known as “Water Tigers” and, equipped with out-sized jaws, […]
Read more » Something New for Insect-keepers – Sunburst and Green Diving Beetles – Part 1

The Keeled Box Turtle – a Hardy Species in Need of Captive Breeding – Part 2

[…]in the wild, but, judging from observations of captive animals, they likely consume carrion, insects, snails and other invertebrates as well. Mine have thrived on a diet comprised of a wide variety of vegetables and fruits, crickets, earthworms, mealworms, pink mice and commercial turtle chow.     Further Reading Please […]
Read more » The Keeled Box Turtle – a Hardy Species in Need of Captive Breeding – Part 2

Rough and Smooth Green Snakes – Beautiful Insect-Eaters for Planted Terrariums – Part 2

[…]natural history information may be found in this article. Learn more about collecting insects here: Collecting Insects   Smooth Green Snake image referenced from wikipedia and originally posted by atrahamrepol and […]
Read more » Rough and Smooth Green Snakes – Beautiful Insect-Eaters for Planted Terrariums – Part 2

Meet the Green Frog – Typical Pond Frog of the USA – Part 3

[…]in my basement as well. A Zoo Med Bug Napper simplifies the collecting of moths and other flying insects. Canned Insect are readily accepted from feeding tongs, and are an important means of providing dietary variety when wild-caught insects are not available. In winter, I powder most meals with supplements, […]
Read more » Meet the Green Frog – Typical Pond Frog of the USA – Part 3

Rough and Smooth Green Snakes – Beautiful Insect-Eaters for Planted Terrariums – Part 1

[…]behaviors in captivity.  They are also quite active and their efforts at tracking down live insects in complex displays are very interesting to observe. The Terrarium A vertically-oriented “tall style” aquarium of at least 30 gallon capacity is ideal is ideal for Green Snakes –cramped, bare quarters will lead to […]
Read more » Rough and Smooth Green Snakes – Beautiful Insect-Eaters for Planted Terrariums – Part 1

Spiny-Tailed Agamids – the Fascinating Lizards of the Genus Uromastyx -Part 2

[…]thrive if their unique dietary needs are not met.  A diet that is too rich (i.e. high in fruit or insects) may kill them as quickly as will one lacking essential nutrients.  Many species relish such seemingly unappetizing foods as dry split peas, millet, canary seed and other grains. Hailing […]
Read more » Spiny-Tailed Agamids – the Fascinating Lizards of the Genus Uromastyx -Part 2

Invertebrate Health – Mites in Scorpion, Millipede and Tarantula Terrariums

[…]if the terrarium and substrate are sterilized, they will invariably enter as hitchhikers on food insects.  Most Mites are intolerant of dry conditions, and hence rarely appear in enclosures housing Red-Kneed Tarantulas, Desert Hairy Scorpions or other species that hail from arid habitats. The white Mites observed in invertebrate and […]
Read more » Invertebrate Health – Mites in Scorpion, Millipede and Tarantula Terrariums

Keeping and Breeding Blue Tongue/Blue-tongued Skinks – Part 2

[…]with variety being a key point. Animal-based protein can be provided by canned Tegu-Monitor Diet, canned insects or, if you prefer, live crickets, roaches, super mealworms, butter worms and wild-caught invertebrates.  Many folks use canned cat food or monkey chow as a protein source, but I prefer products formulated for […]
Read more » Keeping and Breeding Blue Tongue/Blue-tongued Skinks – Part 2

Keeping and Breeding Blue Tongue/Blue-tongued Skinks – Part 1

[…]30 years) in captivity.  Inquisitive, handle-able and with easily met dietary requirements (live insects not needed!), Blue Tongues are becoming ever more popular among lizard fanciers. Which Skink is Which? Blue Tongue Skink taxonomy is somewhat confusing, with pet trade names, hybrids and captive bred color phases (i.e. orange, “sunglow”) […]
Read more » Keeping and Breeding Blue Tongue/Blue-tongued Skinks – Part 1

Feeding Leopard Geckos – Beyond the Cricket and Mealworm Diet – Part 2

[…]Fuzzies and sub-adult mice should not be used, as hair impactions may result. Collecting Insects for Your Gecko Wild caught insects, collected from pesticide-free areas, should be offered whenever possible.  Zoo Med’s Bug Napper is an excellent insect trap.  Sweeping a net through tall grass and searching around outdoor lights […]
Read more » Feeding Leopard Geckos – Beyond the Cricket and Mealworm Diet – Part 2

Houseflies and Maggots as Food for Reptiles, Amphibians and Invertebrates

[…]pollinators, and their larvae attack crop pests. North America’s 1,000+ Robber Flies prey upon insects, including injurious flies.  Even Blowflies have their good points… their larvae eat the maggots of disease-bearing species and play a vital role in decomposition. Flies feature importantly in Forensic Entomology.  By studying the types of […]
Read more » Houseflies and Maggots as Food for Reptiles, Amphibians and Invertebrates

Habits and Husbandry of the New Caledonia Giant Gecko

[…]were the most readily accepted live foods; butterworms, crickets, waxworms, and wild-caught insects were taken sporadically. A Two-Foot-Long Gecko? Haplodactylus delcourti, a gecko native to New Zealand, was, at 24.5 inches, a good deal longer than the New Caledonian Giant.  This species is known from only a single specimen.  It […]
Read more » Habits and Husbandry of the New Caledonia Giant Gecko

Feeding Leopard Geckos – Beyond the “Cricket and Mealworm” Diet – Part 1

[…]have higher nutritional requirements…their diets should be supplemented 3-4 times weekly. Canned Insects Leopard Geckos are usually enthusiastic feeders, and take readily to tong or even hand feeding.  Canned Grasshoppers and Silkworms should be used to increase dietary variety. Canned insects can also be rolled in Zoo Med’s Dried Flies […]
Read more » Feeding Leopard Geckos – Beyond the “Cricket and Mealworm” Diet – Part 1

The Chuckwalla – a Hardy, Personable Candidate for the Desert Terrarium – Part 2

[…]available vegetables, along with occasional feedings of crickets, mealworms, beetles and other insects. I’ve found dandelion flowers to be a great favorite, and usually mix some soaked Tortoise Pellets into the salad as well. A Unique Defense Chuckwallas spend a good deal of time basking on rocks to achieve their […]
Read more » The Chuckwalla – a Hardy, Personable Candidate for the Desert Terrarium – Part 2

The Natural History and Care of Newts – Japanese and Chinese Fire-bellied Newts

[…]similar dried foods. Other favorites include live earthworms, blackworms, snails, tiny fishes, and insects. Like most newts, they become rather tame in captivity, readily accepting food from one’s fingers. Breeding Japanese Fire-Bellied Newts should be overwintered on wet moss at 40 to 50°F if breeding is to be successful. Courtship […]
Read more » The Natural History and Care of Newts – Japanese and Chinese Fire-bellied Newts

Wild Caught Invertebrates as Reptile and Amphibian Food – Some Concerns

[…]managed.  If your pets will accept dead or tong-fed food items, you might wish to consider using Canned Invertebrates, which are farm-raised and cooked.   Further Reading Please see my article Wild Caught Insects: Pesticide Concerns for important information on collecting food for your […]
Read more » Wild Caught Invertebrates as Reptile and Amphibian Food – Some Concerns

The Natural History and Captive Care of Newts – Part 1

[…]out-compete them for dry foods (as will many other tropical fishes).  I’ve recently begun using Canned Freshwater Shrimp as well.  Both are difficult to obtain in live form, and provide important dietary variety. Newt Companions Armored Catfishes (Corydoras spp.) of most species and Weather Loaches do well in unheated aquariums […]
Read more » The Natural History and Captive Care of Newts – Part 1

Slider and other Semi-Aquatic Turtle Diets – Vegetables and Greens – Part 2

In Part I of this article, we discussed the role played by plants in the diets of popular North American “basking” turtles such as Red-Eared and Yellow-Bellied Sliders, Map, Red-Bellied and Chicken Turtles, and Cooters. Useful Plants and Vegetables As your turtles grow out of the hatchling stage, I suggest […]
Read more » Slider and other Semi-Aquatic Turtle Diets – Vegetables and Greens – Part 2

Raising Springtails as Food for Poison Frogs, Mantellas and other Small Amphibians – Part 2

Springtails are minute, primitive, wingless insects classified in the Order Collembola.  Over 6,000 species are found in most temperate and tropical habitats, where they figure importantly in the diets of Poison Frogs (Dendrobates, Phyllobates, Oophaga), small salamanders and newly metamorphosed amphibians of many kinds. Please see Part I of this […]
Read more » Raising Springtails as Food for Poison Frogs, Mantellas and other Small Amphibians – Part 2

Slider and other Semi-Aquatic Turtle Diets – Vegetables and Greens – Part 1

[…]are specialized predators of crayfishes, clams and snails, while the much smaller males take insects, carrion and plants. Captive Diets Many commercial Aquatic Turtle Diets provide excellent nutrition and can serve as a dietary mainstay, and there is some evidence that diet of Reptomin and Freeze Dried Krill meets all […]
Read more » Slider and other Semi-Aquatic Turtle Diets – Vegetables and Greens – Part 1

Raising Springtails as Food for Poison Frogs, Mantellas and other Small Amphibians – Part 1

[…]available foods of appropriate size – pinhead crickets and fruit flies.  The minute, wingless insects known as Springtails (Order Collembola) are easy to procure and rear, and offer a convenient means of increasing dietary variety for small amphibians. Natural Diets of Smaller Amphibians Most small terrestrial frogs and salamanders forage […]
Read more » Raising Springtails as Food for Poison Frogs, Mantellas and other Small Amphibians – Part 1

Windscorpions (Camel Spiders, Sun Scorpions) – the Fiercest Arachnids?

[…]and other invertebrates will all be eagerly accepted. You can also try tong-feeding them canned invertebrates (one look at their other-worldly jaws will convince you of the wisdom of using feeding tongs)! Folks working with Windscorpions have a real opportunity to contribute to what little we know about these most […]
Read more » Windscorpions (Camel Spiders, Sun Scorpions) – the Fiercest Arachnids?

Garter Snakes in Captivity – Diet and Species Accounts – Part 4

[…]while others refused them.   Smaller species (i.e. Butler’s Garter Snake) often accept insects and slugs. Garter snakes may be immune to the toxins of amphibians found in their habitats, but not to those of related species.  An aquatic garter snake that can safely feed upon California newts, for example, might […]
Read more » Garter Snakes in Captivity – Diet and Species Accounts – Part 4
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