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Urban Amphibians – Endangered Axolotl Population Found in Mexico City Park

[…]cinereus) is even still to be found in Manhattan…so keep looking and learning! Further Reading Axolotl Care and Natural History Original article describing the newly-discovered Axolotl […]
Read more » Urban Amphibians – Endangered Axolotl Population Found in Mexico City Park

Amphibian Update: Mexican Axolotls Kick off the Spring Breeding Season

[…]air pump that provides just enough aeration to keep the eggs slightly in motion. Providing Cover Axolotl eggs are typically attached to plants or other structures, as seen in the accompanying photo.  Once they begin to hatch, I’ll add additional plants, nearly filling the tank so as to separate the larvae […]
Read more » Amphibian Update: Mexican Axolotls Kick off the Spring Breeding Season

The Natural History and Captive Care of the Mexican Axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum: Natural History – Part 2

[…]insects and other invertebrates and small fish. Adults are major predators upon small axolotls and axolotl eggs. The larvae are largely carnivorous, but may consume some algae as well. Their main predators are herons and other wading birds, fishes and larger axolotls. Reproduction Males deposit spermatophores (sperm-filled capsules) on the […]
Read more » The Natural History and Captive Care of the Mexican Axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum: Natural History – Part 2

The Natural History and Captive Care of the Mexican Axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum: Natural History – Part 1

[…]subject. Please note: the aquatic larvae of all species of salamanders are termed “axolotls” in some references, i.e. as in “tiger salamander axolotls”. The name as used here refers to young and adult Ambystoma mexicanum only. Classification Class: Amphibia Order: Caudata Family: Ambystomatidae A complex of a dozen or more […]
Read more » The Natural History and Captive Care of the Mexican Axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum: Natural History – Part 1

Breeding Mexican Axolotls – Ambystoma mexicanum

[…]eggs are a great concern among many captive amphibians, although I have not run into such with axolotls. The Eggs Please see the Natural History of Axolotls for details on courtship and mating.  Females have been observed to pick up several spermatophores during the night, although it is not clear all are […]
Read more » Breeding Mexican Axolotls – Ambystoma mexicanum

Conservation Update: Endangered Anderson’s Salamanders Bred by US Hobbyists

[…]http://www.mexico-herps.com/caudata/ambystoma/ambystoma-andersoni. For information on the Mexican axolotl, please see my article The Natural History and Care of the Mexican Axolotl http://blogs.thatpetplace.com/thatreptileblog/2008/12/19/the-natural-history-and-captive-care-of-the-mexican-axolotl-ambystoma-mexicanum-natural-history-part-1/. Photos courtesy of Michael […]
Read more » Conservation Update: Endangered Anderson’s Salamanders Bred by US Hobbyists

Captive Care of the Mexican Axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum – Part 1

[…]bulb is best used for illumination, as it will not add significantly to water temperature.  Axolotls do not need a source of UVB light. Axolotls are native to cool, high-altitude lakes, and do best at water temperatures of 62-70 F, with a dip to 50-52 F in winter, if possible.  […]
Read more » Captive Care of the Mexican Axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum – Part 1

Captive Care of the Mexican Axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum – Part 2

[…]the “normal” rules…at least not as I learned them!  Recently, bio-engineered axolotls that glow fluorescent green have appeared in the trade. Rearing axolotls in the lab differs in some respects from home care, but much of value is contained in the protocols of institutions maintaining large research colonies.  You can […]
Read more » Captive Care of the Mexican Axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum – Part 2

Salamanders and Cell Regeneration – How Do They Regrow Limbs?

[…]scar healing, and the regeneration of human tissue.     Further Reading Mexican Axolotl Natural History and Captive Care Endangered Axolotls Found in Mexico City […]
Read more » Salamanders and Cell Regeneration – How Do They Regrow Limbs?

Incubating Reptile Eggs – A Simple Method of Monitoring Moisture Content

[…]the weight (and date) on the cover. The cover should not be ventilated – for most reptile eggs, a once- daily check provides enough oxygen exchange (ventilation may need to be increased for large numbers of eggs once hatching time nears – please write in if unsure). Keeping Track of […]
Read more » Incubating Reptile Eggs – A Simple Method of Monitoring Moisture Content

Amphibian Medicine – Cold “Resurrects” Hellbender and Sick Frogs

[…]years after its “near-death experience”. Other interesting experiences have involved Mexican Axolotls.  An individual in my collection became bloated and was unable to submerge.  A veterinarian who worked with me at the Bronx Zoo prescribed Itraconizole and other medications, but the infection proved resistant to all.  I refrigerated the animal […]
Read more » Amphibian Medicine – Cold “Resurrects” Hellbender and Sick Frogs

Turtle and Tortoise Eggs – Knowing When She is Ready to Lay

[…]below if you need a reference to a local veterinarian experienced in turtle care. Hatching the Eggs While the eggs of Common Snapping Turtles and other consummate survivors will often do well at room temperatures (in a hot room, in summer), a reptile egg incubator will  greatly simplify the hatching […]
Read more » Turtle and Tortoise Eggs – Knowing When She is Ready to Lay

Caring for Reptiles and Amphibians: Useful Foods, Medications and other Products from the Aquarium Trade – Introduction and Feeding Accessories

[…]Choke Hazards I came upon the idea of using the Cone Worm Feeder many years ago when raising axolotl and red-spotted newt larvae.  I fed them largely upon live blackworms, which always clump together, even when finely chopped.  I found that larvae of both species sometimes choked to death while […]
Read more » Caring for Reptiles and Amphibians: Useful Foods, Medications and other Products from the Aquarium Trade – Introduction and Feeding Accessories

New Edition of Newts and Salamanders, A Complete Pet Owner’s Manual, is Published

[…]is a small sample of the newts and salamanders that are discussed at length: Eastern Newt Mexican Axolotl Olm Tiger, Spotted and Marbled Salamanders Hellbender Lesser and Dwarf Siren Red-Backed Salamander Mudpuppy Fire Salamander One, Two and Three Toed Amphiumas California Newt Fire Bellied Newt Dusky Salamander Spanish Ribbed Newt […]
Read more » New Edition of Newts and Salamanders, A Complete Pet Owner’s Manual, is Published

Research Notes – Hourglass Treefrogs (Dendropsophus ebraccatum) can choose either land or water as egg deposition sites

[…]to show such reproductive flexibility. When breeding near shaded ponds, hourglass frogs lay their eggs on tree leaves overhanging the water (the tadpoles drop into the water upon hatching), thus avoiding fish and other aquatic predators.  However, when utilizing ponds exposed to the sun, the majority of the frogs lay […]
Read more » Research Notes – Hourglass Treefrogs (Dendropsophus ebraccatum) can choose either land or water as egg deposition sites

Egg Retention (Dystocia) in Turtles – the Problem and Some Solutions – Part 1

[…]breeding habits of this most prolific turtle. Video of a Snapping Turtle digging a nest and laying eggs. Snapping turtle laying eggs image referenced from wikipedia and originally posted by […]
Read more » Egg Retention (Dystocia) in Turtles – the Problem and Some Solutions – Part 1

Caution – Female Turtles, even if Unmated, Must be Provided with a Nest Site

[…]is continually added to the retained eggs, draining the female’s supplies and rendering the eggs ever-more difficult to pass. Eventually, the eggs will break and/or decay, and an infection known as egg yolk peritonitis will set in.  If untreated, the female will die. Determining if your Turtle is Gravid Another […]
Read more » Caution – Female Turtles, even if Unmated, Must be Provided with a Nest Site

Egg-eating Snakes – Natural History and Care in Captivity

[…]is acquiring eggs to feed them. Most egg-eaters are too small to take regularly available chicken eggs. Depending on the size of your snake you may feed eggs from pigeons, Coturnix quail, doves, Button quail, or finch. Generally speaking, Coturnix quail eggs (the quail egg eaten as a delicacy) are […]
Read more » Egg-eating Snakes – Natural History and Care in Captivity

Breeding the Common Kingsnake and it’s Relatives

[…]in late summer or early fall.  Clutch size varies from 3-21, with 9 eggs being the average. Eggs and Hatchlings Eggs incubated in moist vermiculite (use a vermiculite: water ratio of 1:1 by weight – please see article below for details) at 82 F will hatch in 45-75 days.  The […]
Read more » Breeding the Common Kingsnake and it’s Relatives

Breeding the Green Basilisk and Related Species – Part 2

[…]hatchlings in large exhibits without having been aware that a nest was present. Incubating the Eggs The eggs should be removed to a reptile egg incubator set at 82-85 F.  At these temperatures, the eggs will hatch in 60-70 days.  The hatchlings average just over 5 inches in length, and […]
Read more » Breeding the Green Basilisk and Related Species – Part 2

Phorid or Scuttle Flies – A Common Pest in Herp and Invertebrate Collections – Part 1

[…]eggs.  This puzzled me until it was discovered me (not by me!) that the flies lay their own eggs on the shells of reptile eggs – the hatchling maggots are so tiny that they actually enter the egg via the air pores in the shell!  It’s not known whether they […]
Read more » Phorid or Scuttle Flies – A Common Pest in Herp and Invertebrate Collections – Part 1

Mate Selection and Sperm Competition in the Painted Dragon, Ctenophorus pictus, and Other Reptiles

[…]on the Venezuelan llanos. In many different animals, sperm can remain alive and able to fertilize eggs for years to come. Queen termites mate once and somehow produce fertilized eggs for up to 20 years after! Further information concerning research with this species at Wollongong University is available […]
Read more » Mate Selection and Sperm Competition in the Painted Dragon, Ctenophorus pictus, and Other Reptiles

Breeding the Green Iguana – Indoor and Outdoor Nest Sites – Part 1

[…]site, but its better to induce them to lay in a specific place, so that you can easily remove the eggs for incubation (it’s difficult to successfully incubate eggs in an outdoor nest). Constructing an Outdoor Nest Site Gravid females will be drawn to dark, moist, protected nesting sites that […]
Read more » Breeding the Green Iguana – Indoor and Outdoor Nest Sites – Part 1

Urban Herping – Finding Snakes in New York City

[…]be the oddest urban herp experience – Hunting Alligators in NYC’s Sewers. Urban Amphibians: Axolotls Found in Mexico City Park  Snakes of NY: Photos and Information Snakes in Indian Cities   Milksnake image referenced from wikipedia and originally posted by […]
Read more » Urban Herping – Finding Snakes in New York City

Ant Mimicry in the Giant Spiny Stick Insect (Macleay’s Spectre), Extatosoma tiaratum: An Unbelievable Survival Strategy

[…]captiulum’s collar is a favored food of ants of the genus Leptomyrmex. The ants carry the eggs into their nest, where the collar is eaten. The stick insect’s eggs are then discarded in the ant colony’s underground rubbish pile, where, protected from predators and the fires that regularly ravage the […]
Read more » Ant Mimicry in the Giant Spiny Stick Insect (Macleay’s Spectre), Extatosoma tiaratum: An Unbelievable Survival Strategy

Providing Clean Water to Reptiles and Amphibians – The Nitrogen Cycle

[…]that most amphibians, especially largely-aquatic species such as African Clawed Frogs and Mexican Axolotls, absorb water and dissolved chemicals over a much greater surface area than do fishes (scale-less fishes, such as eels, loaches and most catfishes, are similar to amphibians in this regard).  In fact, when we administer fish […]
Read more » Providing Clean Water to Reptiles and Amphibians – The Nitrogen Cycle

Egg Retention (Dystocia) in Turtles – the Problem and Some Solutions – Part 2

[…]– Oxytosin and Surgery If your turtle appears to be gravid but cannot seem to deposit her eggs, prompt veterinary attention is necessary.  As mentioned in Part 1 of this article, retained eggs invariably lead to infection and, eventually, the female’s death. Oxytosin, a medication used to induce labor in human […]
Read more » Egg Retention (Dystocia) in Turtles – the Problem and Some Solutions – Part 2

Research Note – Amazing Parental Care Supplied by Mountain Chicken Frogs

[…]oophagus (egg-eating) poison frog tadpoles, the chicken frog larvae do not wait until the eggs are actually deposited, but rather swarm about the female’s cloaca, eating ravenously as the eggs emerge.  It’s quite a scene! A Taxing Time for Mom Subsequent research has revealed that the harried mother uses her […]
Read more » Research Note – Amazing Parental Care Supplied by Mountain Chicken Frogs

Sheltopusik or Eurasian Glass Lizard History and Care

[…]beetles, spiders, grasshoppers, caterpillars, mice, shrews, voles, ground nesting birds and their eggs, small snakes, lizards and their eggs, and carrion. Averaging 2-3 feet in length, exceptionally large specimens can top 4 feet. Glass lizards, as their name implies, quickly autotomize (shed) their tails when handled or captured by a […]
Read more » Sheltopusik or Eurasian Glass Lizard History and Care

Introducing the Nosy Be Gecko (aka Spearpoint Leaf-tailed Gecko), Part 1

[…]spring and summer. Despite being persistently arboreal, females descend to the ground and bury the eggs in moist earth or below leaf litter.  Mature eggs can be seen through the abdominal skin of the females.  The eggs hatch in 3-6 months, depending upon temperature, and the young reach adult size […]
Read more » Introducing the Nosy Be Gecko (aka Spearpoint Leaf-tailed Gecko), Part 1

Frog Facts: First Discovery of Egg Care by a Southeast Asian Treefrog

[…]the male provides most or all of the parental care (please see photo of male Midwife Toad carrying eggs).  Such eggs are generally deposited on land, and direct development (from egg to small frog) is typical. Chiromantis hansenae, by contrast, produces many tiny eggs and deposits them above-ground, and tadpoles […]
Read more » Frog Facts: First Discovery of Egg Care by a Southeast Asian Treefrog

Skinks Surprise Researchers – Baby Lizards Hatch Early When Disturbed

[…]eggs sent danger signals, apparently via vibration, to the youngsters within.  (Red-Eyed Treefrog eggs are attached to leaves overhanging a pond.  When under attack, tadpoles burst from their eggs, fall into the water, and swim off). It is not known whether other of the Delicate Skink’s 10 relatives, collectively known […]
Read more » Skinks Surprise Researchers – Baby Lizards Hatch Early When Disturbed

Frog News – Land-Dwelling Tadpole Lives in Trees and Feeds on Wood

[…]Frog and certain other tadpoles develop within a moisture-retaining nest. The Brown Leaping Frog eggs were at least 10 feet from water, and not in a position to be carried there by rain.  Also, this was the first time any frog has been observed attaching eggs to tree bark. A […]
Read more » Frog News – Land-Dwelling Tadpole Lives in Trees and Feeds on Wood

Algae and Salamander Eggs – an odd partnership

Spring in the northeastern USA is prime time for amphibian watchers. Its arrival is most noticeably announced by frogs – first by spring peepers, Pseudacris crucifer and wood frogs, Rana (Lithobates) sylvaticus, with a succession of others following close behind. However, the season’s earliest greeters are silent. I have observed […]
Read more » Algae and Salamander Eggs – an odd partnership

Breeding a Skin-Brooding Amphibian: the Surinam Toad (Pipa pipa)

[…]captive breeding seemed to have occurred in the 1950’s. Courtship and Fertilization of the Eggs One female was in breeding condition, as evidenced by the circular, swollen ring about her cloaca and the dark brood patch on her back. Several males were giving forth their metallic, clicking breeding calls, so […]
Read more » Breeding a Skin-Brooding Amphibian: the Surinam Toad (Pipa pipa)

African Clawed Frog, Xenopus laevis, Behavior – has anyone else observed this?

[…]to induce egg laying. Odder still, however, was the fact that a male placed in the tank with the eggs (and without the female) on the following day fertilized the eggs. He was in breeding condition, as evidenced by the rough “nuptial pads” along his forearms, and perhaps was responding […]
Read more » African Clawed Frog, Xenopus laevis, Behavior – has anyone else observed this?

Green Iguanas and Raccoons in Southern Florida….an Interesting Dilemma – Part 2

[…]gray foxes, night herons, alligators and other animals prey upon iguanas, only raccoons take eggs, hatchlings and sub-adults in significant numbers. Iguanas…Here to Stay? Young iguanas are now especially common at the site, pointing towards an even greater population increase in the future. Hand-collection, although possible, is a daunting task, […]
Read more » Green Iguanas and Raccoons in Southern Florida….an Interesting Dilemma – Part 2

The Western Hognose Snake – a Toad Specialist That Can do without Toads

[…]hog nose snakes take young ground nesting birds, mice, shrews, toads, lizards, snakes and reptile eggs. In one study, they were found to be a major predator on Pacific pond turtle nests. Those I’ve kept have done very well on small mice and quail eggs. Other Interesting Facts This snake’s […]
Read more » The Western Hognose Snake – a Toad Specialist That Can do without Toads

Current Field Research – Amphibian Behavior and Natural History

[…]A Rusty Wandering Spider (Cupiennius getazi) was photographed while consuming Red-Eyed Treefrog eggs, which had been deposited on a leaf overhanging a small pond.  Interestingly, the spider appeared to defend its food source. The eggs did not spontaneously hatch when disturbed by the spider, as they do when attacked by […]
Read more » Current Field Research – Amphibian Behavior and Natural History

Breeding the Pancake Tortoise, Malacochersus tornieri, in captivity – Part 2

[…]of water. The substrate should be placed within a small Tupperware or similar container and the eggs half-buried into the substrate. Weigh the container, with substrate and eggs inside, and note this figure on the container’s lid. Re-weigh once each week – any drop in weight is the result of […]
Read more » Breeding the Pancake Tortoise, Malacochersus tornieri, in captivity – Part 2

Egg Size, Temperature and Genes Determine Lizard Hatchlings’ Sex

[…]of Sydney biologists have revealed that large skink eggs develop into females, while small eggs become males.  Furthermore, removing yolk from a large egg resulted in a male hatchling, despite the fact that female genes were present; adding yolk to a small egg over-rode the effect of the male genes […]
Read more » Egg Size, Temperature and Genes Determine Lizard Hatchlings’ Sex

The Natural History of the Ball Python, Python regius: Ball Pythons in the Wild – Part 2

[…]species have been shown to actively raise the temperature of their clutch by coiling about the eggs and “shivering”.  In captive situations, I have observed incubating female blood pythons (Python curtus) and Burmese pythons (P. molurus bivittatus) to raise their eggs by 7F above the ambient air temperature.  Field research […]
Read more » The Natural History of the Ball Python, Python regius: Ball Pythons in the Wild – Part 2

The Best Reptile Egg Incubator – the Zoo Med Reptibator

[…]to manipulate the hatchlings’ sexes.  Please post below for further information. When removing eggs from a terrarium, be sure to make a small pencil mark at the top of each, so that they are not accidentally rotated.  Oils from the skin can clog air pores, so use powder free gloves […]
Read more » The Best Reptile Egg Incubator – the Zoo Med Reptibator

Methylene Blue as a Treatment Option for Fungal, Protozoan and Bacterial Infections in Frogs and Salamanders: Amphibian Health

[…]dose and a soak time of approximately 1 hour – gradually increasing both if necessary.  For eggs, I dilute the Methylene Blue in water and then use an eye dropper to place it on the eggs (approximately 1 drop per 2 inch square of egg mass). Treated amphibians will be […]
Read more » Methylene Blue as a Treatment Option for Fungal, Protozoan and Bacterial Infections in Frogs and Salamanders: Amphibian Health

Breeding the African Clawed Frog

[…]efforts and very willing to consume their progeny. Amazingly, a female in my collection deposited eggs without entering amplexus, and a male fertilized the eggs the following day…please see the article below for details. Observing Breeding Behavior Despite their generally bold demeanor, paired African Clawed Frogs are extremely sensitive to […]

2010’s Amphibian Discoveries – New Species and New Information – Part 2

[…]gills, never see the light of day, do not mature until age 16, and reproduce by both laying eggs and bearing live young.  Despite their very unique natural environments, Olms do quite well in zoos, often living into their 70’s. Due to the Olm’s rarity, researchers have maintained a breeding […]
Read more » 2010’s Amphibian Discoveries – New Species and New Information – Part 2

First North American Captive Breeding of the Giant Horned Lizard

[…]reports indicate that Giant Horned Lizards mate in April-June, with gravid females laying 10-30 eggs after a gestation period of 60-70 days.  The eggs hatch in 10-12 weeks when incubated at 85 F. Horned Lizard Care Horned Lizards are hard to resist, but it is a mistake to attempt keeping […]
Read more » First North American Captive Breeding of the Giant Horned Lizard

The Green Anole (Anolis carolinensis carolinensis) in the Wild and Captivity; – Natural History – Part 1

[…]Additional clutches of 1-2 eggs are laid throughout the breeding season, to a total of 8-10 eggs per female. The eggs hatch in 30-45 […]
Read more » The Green Anole (Anolis carolinensis carolinensis) in the Wild and Captivity; – Natural History – Part 1

The Natural History and Captive Care of the Smokey Jungle Frog – Part 1

[…]forearms). Male Smokey Jungle Frogs use their powerful rear legs to whip the jelly surrounding the eggs into a frothy mass of sperm, jelly, skin secretions, air and water.  This nest surrounds the eggs and is deposited in a natural (or possibly self-dug) depression in the ground, usually at the […]
Read more » The Natural History and Captive Care of the Smokey Jungle Frog – Part 1
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